Todd Litman Embracing Multimodal Transport
In this People and Projects episode of the Streets and People podcast, we were delighted to welcome Todd Litman for a thoughtful discussion on transport innovation, sustainable mobility, and the fascinating concept known as the Mobility Productivity Paradox (vtpi.org/ITED_paradox.pdf). Todd, a globally respected transport researcher and founder of the Victoria Transport Policy Institute (www.vtpi.org), shared insights from his long career and explained why reducing car dependence can lead to more liveable, healthy, and economically productive communities.
Understanding Transport’s Impact
Todd began by describing how his interest in transport grew from a curiosity about what makes systems efficient. Based in Victoria, British Columbia, his path was shaped by his choice to rely on a bicycle during his university years—a decision that sparked a lifelong interest in the broader impacts of sustainable transport. From managing a bike shop to becoming a state bicycle lobbyist in Washington, Todd has consistently championed the need to recognise the full costs of car use and the many advantages of active and public transport.
Transport and Quality of Life
Our conversation explored how everyday transport choices influence our health, finances, and opportunities. As Todd noted, car advertising often sells the dream of freedom, yet walking, cycling, and public transport can offer far more relaxed, affordable, and healthier ways to get around. He highlighted the irony of people driving to gyms to ride stationary bikes when they could build physical activity into their daily travel in walkable neighbourhoods.
The Mobility Productivity Paradox
A highlight of our conversation was Todd’s explanation of the Mobility Productivity Paradox. While it’s often assumed that more driving leads to greater productivity, Todd’s research shows the opposite—beyond a certain level, extra driving actually creates inefficiencies and lowers economic performance. Cities with more balanced, multimodal systems—where people can easily walk, cycle, or catch public transport—tend to be more productive, equitable, and sustainable.
Caboolture’s Walk Score
We also looked at how these ideas apply locally. Caboolture’s Walk Score is 33, placing it firmly in the Car-Dependent range. Walk Score rates locations from 0 to 100 based on how easy it is to complete daily errands on foot.
- 90–100: Walker’s Paradise – Daily errands do not require a car
- 70–89: Very Walkable – Most errands can be accomplished on foot
- 50–69: Somewhat Walkable – Some errands can be accomplished on foot
- 25–49: Car-Dependent – Most errands require a car
- 0–24: Very Car-Dependent – Almost all errands require a car (walkscore.com)
The Caboolture Walk Score heatmap (the post image) shows a community that is spread out and heavily car-dependent. Yet, as Todd pointed out, this can change. With greater investment in footpaths, crosswalks, bikeways, complete streets, and public transport, Caboolture could become far more multimodal and accessible for everyone.
The Overlooked Everyday Trips
We also touched on an issue raised in Jennifer Kent’s episode, which explored how many local trips are made simply because people want to walk the dog. These short, local walks highlight the social and health benefits of neighbourhoods designed for walking. Todd noted that such trips, often overlooked in traditional transport studies, show how walkable design supports everyday life and community connection.
Planning for Inclusive Communities
Todd encouraged a broader approach to transport planning—one that considers people’s mobility capabilities and financial realities. He advocates for systems designed around the needs of carers, older adults, and people on lower incomes. Strengthening walkability, bikeability, and access to public transport are equitable strategies that benefit everyone, including those who still rely on cars.
Taking Action for Change
For anyone keen to help create more sustainable and inclusive communities, Todd’s advice was to start small: learn about the benefits of walkability and talk to local decision-makers about investing in footpaths and crossings. Governments spend heavily on roads and parking, while facilities for walking and cycling remain underfunded. Redirecting even a small share of those resources could make walking, cycling, and public transport safer, more convenient, and more appealing for all.
Conclusion
Our conversation with Todd Litman reminded us that transport is central to creating vibrant, fair, and productive communities. Reducing car dependence isn’t just good for the planet—it improves health, boosts local economies, and enhances daily life. As Todd said, designing for multimodal transport isn’t only possible—it’s essential for our shared future.
We thank Todd for sharing his knowledge and passion for rethinking how we move. His work continues to inspire advocates and planners worldwide to imagine transport systems that are inclusive, efficient, and built for everyone.
